Perp DEXs are winning because it’s necessary because they make centralized failures economically irrational. The stack is converging on a design that mirrors Binance’s UX while deleting its custody risk. The next twelve months will decide who turns that design into a durable liquidity monopoly and who becomes just another emissions footnote.
A necessary design mandate
When FTX collapsed in November 2022, it broke the core trade-off traders had accepted for years: surrender custody in exchange for speed and liquidity. Suddenly, fast execution meant nothing if you couldn’t withdraw your funds.
Yet the first wave of on-chain perps, like GMX V1 and Gains, were simply too slow and inflexible to compete with CEXs on execution quality.
The gap between CEX speed and DeFi security became the core problem to solve. The response wasi a new wave of order-book perp DEXs that match trades in under 10 ms, settle on-chain, and never take custody of user funds.
Liquidity is coalescing around order-book engines, not vAMMs
Whoever crosses the $1 B–$5 B daily band first tends to create a defensive moat because arbitrageurs and copy-trading bots refuse to leave.
Why Ethereal is looking interesting aside from the highly talked about Lighter and Ostium. If the team delivers sub-5 ms matching while remaining fully custody-free, it could become the first “HFT-grade” DEX that plugs directly into intent routers rather than siloed books.
How the newcomers carve out moats
What’s becoming increasingly clear is that the next generation of DEXs isn’t competing on volume alone, they’re competing on intent, specialization, and systemic gaps left unaddressed by incumbents, notably Hyperliquid.
The formula is structurally powerful: identify a trader need that Hyperliquid doesn’t solve, build a tailored execution layer around it, and anchor it with novel tech primitives that weren’t viable two years ago.
Projects are attacking the gaps Hyperliquid leaves:
TradFi assets (Ostium)
Cryptographic fairness (Lighter)
Ultra-private throughput (edgeX)
Coss-L2 intent routing (Ethereal)
Personal positioning & watch-list
If I’m refining a content or BD thesis for Q3 2025, I’m ranking protocols by differentiated order-flow rather than volume alone:
@HyperliquidX still the king until proven otherwise, looking forward to season 2 airdrop. $HYPE
@vertex_protocol + @DriftProtocol: cross-margin pioneers on two fastest base layers (Arbitrum & Solana). $VRTX, $DRIFT
@edgeX_exchange + @Lighter_xyz: potential “institution-ready” plays once zk-proof throughput is battle-tested.
@OstiumLabs: wildcard, RWA perps could dwarf crypto pairs in notional traded.
Legacy vAMMs (@GMX_IO, @GainsNetwork_io): strong retail franchises but must ship order-books or cede pro flow. $GMX $GNS